TTY Driver

From Embedded Xinu
Revision as of 17:30, 20 June 2007 by Agember (talk | contribs)
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Diagram of the interaction between hardware, UART driver, TTY driver, and user application.

The TTY driver is built on top of the UART driver (or other TTY appropriate hardware). The driver is responsible for sending and receiving character input between a user level application, such as the XINU Shell, and a char-oriented hardware driver. Line buffering and cooking are the two primary responsibilities for the new TTY driver.

Conceptual structure

TtyDriver.png

Functionality

Initialize

This section needs updating

Open

 struct tty *ttyAlloc(void)
 DEVCALL ttyOpen(struct dentry *pdev, va_list ap)

Open associates a TTY with an underlying char-oriented hardware driver. The underlying device should already be initialized. A TTY is allocated from the available TTY devices and its circular buffers are initialized.

Close

 DEVCALL ttyClose(struct dentry *pdev)

Close disasociates a TTY from its underlying device. It also makes the TTY available to be allocated to other processes.

Read

The TTY driver reads input in lines. Input is buffered in a secondary buffer and cooked (if not in RAW mode) until the secondary buffer is full or a carriage return (CR or '\r') or line feed (LF or '\n') is encountered. When pressing the 'Enter' key on the keyboard, xinu-console is configured to send '\n' to the backend.

When not in RAW input mode, the TTY driver cooks backspace (BS or '\b') and delete (DEL or ASCII character 0x7F). BS and DEL remove the last character from the secondary buffer, and decrease the secondary buffer count by one. When in RAW mode, set using "control(device id, TTC_IRAW, TRUE, NULL)," and BS and DEL are ignored.

The TTY driver sets a flag if EOF (EOT or Control-D) or CBREAK (ETX or Control-C) are seen in the input ready from the secondary buffer. The flags can be checked using "control(device id, TTC_EOF, NULL NULL)" or "control(device id, TTC_CBREAK, NULL NULL)" for EOF and CBREAK, respectively. When not in RAW mode the EOT character is converted to the EOF constant (-2) defined in XINU.

This section needs updating

Write

When not in RAW output mode, the TTY driver cooks line feeds (also known as LF, \n, or ASCII character 0x0A) and carriage returns (also known as CR, \r, or ASCII character 0x0D). The ttyWrite function always ensures CRLF is written to the output buffer when any of the following escape sequences are to be written: \r, \n, or \r\n. When in RAW mode, set using "control(device id, TTC_ORAW, TRUE, NULL)", CR and LF are not cooked.

This section needs updating

Control

 DEVCALL ttyControl(struct dentry *pdev, int func, unsigned char arg1, unsigned char arg2)
 /* ttyControl() functions  */
 #define	TTY_IOC_SETIFLAG	0x0020  /* set input flags	        */
 #define	TTY_IOC_CLRIFLAG	0x0021  /* clear input flags	        */
 #define	TTY_IOC_GETIFLAG	0x0022  /* get input flags              */
 #define	TTY_IOC_SETOFLAG	0x0023  /* set output flags             */
 #define	TTY_IOC_CLROFLAG	0x0024  /* clear output flags           */
 #define	TTY_IOC_GETOFLAG	0x0025  /* get output flags             */
 #define TTY_IOC_EOF             0x0026  /* check if EOF in input        */ 
 #define TTY_IOC_CBREAK          0x0027  /* check if CBREAK in input     */
 /* TTY input flags */
 #define	TTY_IFLAG_RAW		0x0001  /* do raw input                 */
 #define	TTY_IFLAG_ECHO	        0x0002  /* echo input		        */
 #define	TTY_IFLAG_CBREAK	0x0004  /* have seen Break (Control-C)  */
 #define	TTY_IFLAG_EOF		0x0008	/* have seen EOF (Control-D)    */
 /* TTY output flags */
 #define	TTY_OFLAG_RAW		0x0001	/* do raw output		*/

This section needs updating

See also